The fire hazards associated with Noxious Liquid substances (NLS) are : Some cargoes give out oxygen when on fire, thereby supporting the fire.

Some chemical fires, the source of ignition may be heat from a reaction within the cargo itself or through mixing with other chemicals.

• Chemicals miscible in fire will render normal foam useless. For such chemicals alcohol resistant or dual-purpose foam shall be used.
• Some chemicals are miscible in water and hence their presence may not be recognized.
• Some chemicals are heavier than water and insoluble in water. These may be smothered using water.
• Some chemicals evolve large volumes of toxic vapours when heated.
• Some chemicals have a low auto-ignition temperature. There is a risk of re-ignition of these chemicals